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# Give an example of a relation which is (iv) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric.

This question has multiple parts. Therefore each part has been answered as a separate question on Clay6.com

Toolbox:
• A relation R in a set A is called $\mathbf{ reflexive},$ if $(a,a) \in R\;$ for every $\; a\in\;A$
• A relation R in a set A is called $\mathbf{symmetric}$, if $(a_1,a_2) \in R\;\Rightarrow\; (a_2,a_1)\in R \; for \;a_1,a_2 \in A$
• A relation R in a set A is called $\mathbf{transitive},$ if $(a_1,a_2) \in R$ and $(a_2,a_3) \in R \; \Rightarrow \;(a_1,a_3)\in R$ for all$\; a_1,a_2,a_3 \in A$
A relation R in a set A is called $\mathbf{symmetric}$, if $(a_1,a_2) \in R\;\Rightarrow\; (a_2,a_1)\in R \; for \;a_1,a_2 \in A$
In a set of integers, we can observe that the Relation $R = \{(a,b): a \leq b$ does not satisify the properties of a symmetric relation.
For example, if $a = 1, b=2$, we can see that while $(1,2) \in R$ because $1 \leq 2$, $(2,1) \not \in R$ because $2 \not \leq 1$. Therefore, $R$ is not symmetric.
Given the Relation $R = \{(a,b): a \leq b$, we can observe that if $a=b, a \leq a$ which is true. Therefore, R is reflexive.
Given the Relation $R = \{(a,b): a \leq b$ we can further observe that if $a=1, b=2, c=3$, $(a,b) = (1,2) \in R$, and $(b,c) = (2,3)$ is in $R$ because $1 \leq 2$ and $2 \leq 3$ are true.Similarly $(a,c) = (1,3) \in R$ is true, because $1 \leq 3$. erefore $R$ is transitive..
Therefore, we can conclude that the Relation $R = \{(a,b): a \leq b$ is transitive and reflexive but not symmetrical.