$\begin{array}{1 1} \text{a. Charles Darwin, who observed a side variety of organism during sea voyage} \\ \text{b. Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose} \\ \text{c. Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum} \\ \text{d. Hardy Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population.} \end{array}$