Recent questions in Biotechnology and its Applications

Which restriction enzyme produce blunt or flush ends like, (CCC/GGG) ?

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Which restriction enzyme, makes single-stranded breaks four bases apart in the opposite strands of its target sequence so generating fragments with protruding 5' termini and hence, fragments with sticky or cohesive ends ? 5'-G 5'-AATTC-3' 3'-CTTAA-5' G-5'

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Which restriction enzyme was discovered by Smith & Wilcox, 1970 from Hemophilus influenzae strain Rd and has cleavage sites in phage T7 DNA ?

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In order to apply PCR methodology to the study of RNA, the RNA sample has to be converted to cDNA to provide the DNA template for the thermostable polymerase. This process is called as

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Taq DNA polymerase was derived from which thermophilic bacterium ?

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The use of liposomes as a transformation or transfection system is called

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Which process involves the transfer of electrophoresed protein bands from a polyacrylamide gel on to a membrane of nitrocellulose or nylon, to which they bind strongly ?

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The pET vectors are a family of expression vectors that utilize which promotor to regulate synthesis of cloned gene products ?

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If the polylinker sequence of the expression plasmid contain a BamHI site, 5'NGGATCCN3' and the sequence of two codons (GAT and CCN), which code for dipeptide (Asp Pro), is in frame with the fusion protein, then which chemical agent can be used to cleave the polypeptide ?

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Which chemical is used for fusing $\alpha$-galactosidase-insulin A chain and $\alpha$-galactosidase - insulin-B chain ?

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Which gel electrophoresis method is preferred method to measure the size of an insert in a high-capacity vector ?

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CTAB stands for -

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Polyacrylamide gels cannot be cast with ethidium bromide because

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Which buffers serve three purposes, they increase the density of the sample, ensuring that the DNA sinks evenly into the well and add color to the sample ?

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Which buffers are mixed with the samples before loading into the slots of the gel ?

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What causes a decrease in the negative charge of the double-stranded DNA and an increase in both its stiffness and length?

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Molecules of double-stranded DNA migrate through gel matrices at rates that are inversely proportional to

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Agarose is a linear polymer composed of alternating residues of -

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For all organisms, from bacteria to humans, PFGE is used to study

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PFGE stands for ?

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Agarose gels have a lower resolving power than___________________, but they have a greater range of separation.

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During which process, the velocity of the DNA fragments decreases as their length increases and is proportional to electric field strength ?

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The location of DNA within the gel can be determined directly by staining with low concentrations of fluorescent intercalating dyes, such as

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EDTA stands for -

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During which process, the bacterial suspesion opens the cell wall, denatures chromosomal DNA and proteins, and releases plasmid DNA into the supernatant ?

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The exposure to an electrical charge destabilizes the membranes of E. coli and induces the formation of transient membrane pores through which DNA molecules can pass is known as -

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The treatment of bacteria with ice-cold solutions of CaCl2 and then heated to 37$^{\circ}$C or 42$^{\circ}$C is the process or method called as

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PEG stands for -

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What is SDS and its use?

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What is REBASE ?

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In its polyadenylated form, RNAI is highly unstable and is therefore unable to prevent formation of ______ (RNAII) , the primer for plasmid DNA synthesis.

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E. coli used as hosts for colEl plasmids carry a wild-type version of a gene known as ------ which codes for poly(A) polymerase.

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plasmid vectors which carry the origin of DNA replication from the genome of a single-stranded filamentous bacteriophage such as M13 or f1 are called

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Insertional inactivation is not possible with pUC vectors, which carry only one antibiotic resistance gene that is -

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At the origin of replication, synthesis of plasmid DNA depends on the formation of which persistent complex?

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The plasmids which replicate under stringent control require ongoing synthesis of which protein for replication ?

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When the bacterial cells are exposed to chloramphenicol, then the content of which DNA increases ?

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Plasmids, which replicate in a "relaxed" control, continue to duplicate , (a) when protein synthesis is inhibited by amino acid starvation or by (b) addition of an antibiotic such as chloramphenicol.

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Protein synthesis is required for (a) initiation of each round of host DNA synthesis but (b)not for plasmid replication.

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Plasmid pSC101 are said to replicate under -

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X-gal substrate is also known as -

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When X -gal is included in the agar medium, colonies carrying (a) parental non recombinant plasmids become deep blue, whereas (b) recombinant plasmids remain an ordinary creamy white or become tinted in pale egg-shell

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Bacterial colonies containing non recombinant plasmids are able to hydrolyze non fermentable, chromogenic substrates called as -

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When a segment of foreign DNA is cloned into the multiple cloning site of pUC vectors, the sequence encoding the amino-terminal fragment is disrupted. Thus, Bacterial colonies containing recombinant plasmids inhibit-

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pUC vectors and many of their derivatives carry a short segment of E.coli DNA that contains the regulatory sequences of the lacZ gene which codes for

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Which plasmid vector has polycloning site consists of a tandem array of unique cleavage sites for 13 restriction enzymes: HindIIl, Spill, Pstl, SaiL Acd, HitlelI, Xiln!, BmnHI, Sma!, Xmal, Kpl1I, Sad, and EcoRl ?

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The first generation plasmid namely pBR322 has two selectable markers are -

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The first plasmid used as cloning vector was:

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Which genetic unit of plasmid is defined as the smallest piece of plasmid DNA that is able to replicate autonomously and maintain normal copy number

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The word "Plasmid" was described as an extra chromosomal genetic element which was introduced by :

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